Consuming high amounts of sugar during pregnancy can have significant effects on the developing baby. It should also be noted that babies and little children do not need added sugar or salt in their diet, as it can affect their taste preferences and lead to unhealthy eating habits later in life.
Risks of High Sugar Intake on a Developing Baby
1. Birth Defects: High blood sugar levels increase the risk of birth defects, such as heart defects and neural tube defects.
2. Macrosomia: Excess sugar consumption can lead to fetal macrosomia, a condition where the baby is born larger than normal.
3. Preterm Labour: High sugar intake increases the risk of preterm labor and delivery.
4. Respiratory Distress: Babies born to mothers with high sugar intake may experience respiratory distress.
5. Increased Risk of Childhood Obesity: Exposure to high sugar levels in the womb increases the risk of childhood obesity.
6. Gestational Diabetes: Excess sugar consumption can lead to high blood sugar in pregnant women which can also affect the baby.
7. Allergies and Asthma: There is a potential increased risk of allergies and asthma in offsprings as a result high intake of sugar.
How Sugar Affects Fetal Development
1. Insulin Resistance: High sugar intake can lead to insulin resistance in the fetus, increasing the risk of metabolic disorders.
2. Altered Gut Microbiome: Sugar consumption can disrupt the balance of gut bacteria in the fetus.
3. Inflammation: High sugar intake can lead to chronic inflammation in the fetus.
4. Neurodevelopmental Delays: Excessive sugar exposure may impact fetal brain development.
Recommendations by American Heart Association (AHA)
The American Heart Association (AHA) recommends that you:
1. Limit daily sugar intake to 25 grams (6 teaspoons) for women.
2. Choose natural sources of sugar, such as fruits and dairy products.
3. Avoid added sugars, like those found in sugary drinks and processed snacks.
Pregnant mothers should choose healthy nutritional alternatives such as fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, healthy fats, and low-fat dairy products.
Tips for Managing Sugar Cravings
1. Stay hydrated: Always drink sufficient water.
2. Eat regular meals: Eating breakfast, lunch and dinner, and healthy snack options (like fruits, vegetables, nuts/seeds, whole grain crackers, greek yoghurt, hard-boiled egg) in between meals.
3. Choose complex carbohydrates: Found in whole grains, legumes, fruits, vegetables, tubers.
4. Incorporate physical activity: Avoid sedentary lifestyle. Keep yourself busy with activities.
5. Seek support from healthcare providers: If you have concerns about sugar intake during pregnancy, consult your healthcare provider for personalized guidance.